DVT 203, 120
Milada Paulová a její působení
v mimouniverzitních vědeckých institucích ● Daniela Brádlerová
Milada Paulová and her activity in non-university science institutions: The article discusses the activities of the Czech historian and Byzantologist Milada Paulová in Czech non-university scientific institutions: the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences (RBSS) and the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts (CASA), the Czechoslovak National Research Council (CNRC) and the Slavic Institute (SI). The historian Milada Paulová was most active in her non-university career, after 1945, at Slavic Institute and Czechoslovak National Research Council.
Keywords: Milada Paulová – byzantology – slavic studies – Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences – Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts – Czechoslovak National Research Council – Slavic Institute
Summary
These were scientific institutions of the modern type, representing independent
Czechoslovakia and seeking to incorporate its science into the international scientific
framework. She showed her greatest professional aktivity at the Slavic Institute,
when she initiated the transformation of the journal Byzantinoslavica, in 1946, and
then participated in its editorial board. The second major scientific institution for
M. Paulová was CNRC. Though she was its member only until 1946, this institute
played a pivotal role in her life during the years of Nazi occupation (1939–1945).
At the time, CNRC financially supported Czech scientists who were partially able
to continue their scientific work. From 1946 to 1952, she became more heavily
involved in the activity of XVI. Department of History CNRC, which was dedicated
to promoting Czech historical science abroad. By contrast, her activities in other
scientific institutions – Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences and Czech Academy
of Sciences and Arts were only formal.
Milada Paulová’s membership in these institutions reflected the fact that she
was the first woman in Czechoslovakia to achieve the degree of associate professor.
RBSS was important to Paulová by giving her the space to publish her crucial
scientific papers, which ultimately allowed her to achieve a professorial degree.
Correspondence:
PhDr. Daniela Brádlerová, Ph.D.
Masarykův ústav a Archiv Akademie věd ČR, v. v. i.
Gabčíkova 2362/10, 18200 Praha 8
E-mail: bradlerova@mua.cas.cz
DVT 203, 131
Jaroslav Bidlo jako člen Královské české
společnosti nauk a České akademie věd a umění ● Marek Ďurčanský
Jaroslav Bidlo as a Member of the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences and the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts: The influential position of Jaroslav Bidlo (1868–1937) among Czech(oslovak) historians was based not only on his full profesorship at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University, but also on his membership in several scientific societies. He actively used acquired possibilities to promote historical Slavonic studies or to help his younger colleagues with their first steps in their academic careers. The paper focuses on Bidlo’s membership in two most important Czech(oslovak) scientific societies: the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences (Královská česká společnost nauk, KČSN) and the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts (Česká akademie věd a umění, ČAVU).
Keywords:Jaroslav Bidlo (1868–1937) – historical Slavonic studies – Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences – Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts – organization of science and humanities – history of East-Central Europe
Summary
Of the several kinds of membership, only the regular one ensured a real influence
in a scientific society. Bidlo was much more active in the KČSN, where he had been
elected regular member already in 1917. In the following twenty years he was engaged
as its chief librarian, as well as secretary general and chair of the class for social
siences and humanities. Bidlo also had an influence on scholarly contacts with the
countries of South-Eastern and Central-Eastern Europe (including the election of
foreign members of KČSN) and on the publishing policy of the Society.
Bidlo’s membership in ČAVU was not connected with the same width of activities
as that in KČSN. He had been elected regular member in 1927 and had never held
prominent position among the high officials of ČAVU. Nevertheless, he was involved
in several important projects (e.g. Silesian Commission) and regularly took part in
the sessions of the historical-philosophical class. He was also acting as a mediator
between both societies in their joint project focused on the juridical terminology
in Slavic languages (Kadlec’s Dictionary).
Correspondence:
PhDr. Marek Ďurčanský, Ph.D.
Ústav dějin UK a archiv UK
Ovocný trh 5, 116 36 Praha 1
E-mail: marek.durcansky@ruk.cuni.cz
DVT 203, 152
Historik Josef Macůrek
a brněnská škola historické slavistiky
● Radomír Vlček
Josef Macůrek as a historian and the Brno school of historical Slavic studies: This paper analyses scholarly, scientific and organizational pursuits of one of the most influential historians of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe of the 20th century – Josef Macůrek (1901–1992), a professor of Masaryk University in Brno – and his legacy. For this study, the wide range of topics covered by Macůrek and his students has been limited to the concept of the history of Slavs, i.e. the history of particular Slavic nations, and to the history of Slavic studies. The section on the historiographic school of Josef Macůrek focuses on the history of Slavic studies, as this topic is an apex of the works of Macůrek’s students through which they achieved outstanding results and international acclaim. The text itself is divided by topics into two main sections and further into several chapters. The first section traces the concept of the history of the Slavs and Slavic studies that Macůrek brought forth; the second one analyses the same topic in the works of several of his students and presents a selection, rather than a comprehensive anthology, and an analysis based on the study of Josef Macůrek’s and his students’ texts, supplemented by primary sources on their position in historiography and Slavic studies. The primary sources used consist primarily of the archival collections of Masaryk Institute and the Archive of the CAS, v.v.i., and of the Archive of the Masaryk University. Attention was also paid to the memoirs of the main participants, as well as those of other contributors. Secondary sources were also used, primarily those directly referring to Josef Macůrek and his students.
Keywords: Slavonic studies – History of Slavonic studies – History of Historiography – Josef Macůrek – Brno School of the History of Slavonic studies – Masaryk University – Institute of Slavonic Studies
Summary
Professor Josef Macůrek belongs to the most prominent personas of Czech and
Czechoslovak historiography of the 20th century, specializing in the history of Central,
Eastern and Southeastern Europe, which he promoted – he had also formulated
the modern concept of scientific approach to the topic itself. His publishing activity
was outstandingly intense – he published more than twenty separate volumes on
the history of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe; the number of his scientific
essays is nearly two hundred. At the same time, he also published popular articles
in the newspapers, reviews and reports from the academic life. He also studied
regional history – predominantly of his native land of Moravian Wallachia. Moreover,
his scientific, organizational and educational merits would at the very least match
the prominence of his publishing activity. He was responsible for the founding of
the branch office of the Institute of Slavonic Studies – of which he had been an
active member since 1931 – in Brno, and for many years he served as its head. In
the years 1952/53, he was pivotal in the process of incorporation of the Institute
and its Brno office into the structures of the newly formed Czechoslovak Academy
of Sciences. In 1957, the Department of the History of the USSR and of the
European Socialist Countries was founded under his influence, with a wide coverage
of the history of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe, as well as of its comparison
with the areas that were closely intertwined with the region (mainly the Byzantine
Empire and the Ottoman Empire). In the years 1968/69, he was the head of the
Institute of History of Eastern Europe of CSAS. Under his direction, the aim of
the Institute was to become a modern European research facility of the Western-
European “Ostforschung” type. However, the Normalization regime put an early
stop to his pursuits. Macůrek was the first amongst the directors of CSAS facilities
to be withdrawn from his post for political reasons in the autumn of 1969. Further
repression followed at Masaryk University (since 1960 officially referred to as the
University of Jan Evangelista Purkyně) in 1970, when Macůrek retired.
Macůrek’s educational and scientific practice nevertheless did not end with his
retirement. In the next two decades, he continued his pursuit by means of informal
sessions in his home. During this time, Macůrek was able to foster a whole array of
scholars specialized in history of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. This
study has limited itself to only those of his students that had, much like Macůrek
himself, devoted themselves to the questions of historical Slavic studies, history of
Slavic countries and their relations and history of Slavic studies themselves. It is
because it was them who formed, much by Macůrek’s merit, a school of historical
thought that is to this day unfairly forgotten. It was predominantly the section of
them that focused on history of Slavic studies that has repeatedly received an inter-
national acclaim and became unique in the field of historiography worldwide.
Correspondence:
doc. PhDr. Radomír Vlček, CSc.
Historický ústav AV ČR, v. v. i.
Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno
E-mail: vlcek@brno.avcr.cz
DVT 203, 188
Między filologią a historią. Slawistyka w dorobku
naukowym Henryka Batowskiego
● Sebastian Grudzień
Between filology and history. Slavonic studies in the scientific output of Henryk Batowski: The aim of the article is to present the Slavonic ktivity of the Polish scholar Henryk Batowski (1907-1999). The text is based especially on primary sources. The work is arranged chronologically and by subject. The article reveals the multidisciplinary face of Batowski‘s achievements. It was both a view on research that he postulated and a reflection of multi-faced interests, mainly philological and historical. This makes Batowski one of the most original representatives of Polish Slavonic studies.
Keywords: Henryk Batowski – Slavonic studies – historiography – history of science – Polish-Czech relations – panslavism – Slavs
Summary
The article presents Henryk Batowski’s (1907-1999) scientific biography in the
field of Slavonic studies. He completed his studies at Jan Kazimierz University and
Charles University with a doctorate in Czech linguistics. Then he was doing rese-
arch in literary studies and conducted language courses in Slavonic languages. Fi-
nally, Batowski habilitated in history. He wrote many publications about history of
Slavs and lectured about them at the University of Warsaw and at Jagiellonian Uni-
versity. He emphasised the role of political history in Slavonic studies. Throughout
his career, he insisted that Slavonic studies must be multidisciplinar, and this mul-
tidisciplinarity should include its use for practical purposes.
Correspondence:
Dr. Sebastian Grudzień
Biblioteka Jagiellońska Universytetu Jagiellońskiego
al. Mickiewicza 22, 30-059 Kraków
Email: sebastian.grudzien@uj.edu.pl